Piston bino



A vy. MORTON Nov 10 1931 I PISTON-RING Original Filed May 19. 1923 K i g Y 7% 11mm 0 o o q Mn m al mm w&

Gum-my:

Re'ias ued Na. 10, 1931 UNITED STA res PATENT OFFICE 7 ALLEN KOBTONL OF'ZBALTIMOFE, MARYLAND, ASSIGNO B 'IO AMERICAN H PISTON COMPANY, 01 BALTIHOBE, mm, A. GOBPOBL'IION' OI era-rename Original in; 1,138,432, dated au m-e, 1929, Serial m3, 279,155, me m 1928. Application in reissue filed February 17, 1831. Serial No. 516,520.

This invention pertains to piston rings and relates more particularly to that type commonly known in the art as oil rings. The invention has for its main object the production of a ventilated oil ring comprising in its broader aspect the combination of an outer ventilated cylinder contacting ring and an inner relatively light ventilated ring, the structure thus composed being more espe-. daily adapted for use in apiston groove having drainage openings extending therefrom to the interior of the piston.

The present structure, while effecting pro er drainage. also provides a structure 16 which tends to do away with the so-called piston slap which often inheres in engines where the piston and rings become worn and is also a means of increasing the tension in y the piston ri'ng, particularly in the oil ring, 90 without injurious results.

An embodiment. of my invention is disclosed in the annexed drawings wherein:

Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in sectiori, of aportion of a piston showing a ring arrangement embodying my invention, Figure 2 a transverse horizontal sectional view on the line II- II of Figure 1,

Figure 3 a detail sectional view of a portion of the piston and oil ring on an enlarged scale,

Figure 4 a plan view oi the inner spring or expander ring,' y

Figure 5 a detail sectional view' of such element upon an enlarged scale,"

Figure 6 a face view of said element, and

Figure 7 a detail view illustrative of a modified form of perforation formed in the inner rm Referring to the drawings, Figures 1 to 6 both inclusive, 1 denotes a portion of a piston having the' usual rings 2 and 3 located in grooves 4 and 5, respectively, adjacent the head of the piston and above the oil' ring.

The oil ring, in the broader aspect of the invention, mav be of any approved form so long as it is of the ventilated type. I prefer,

however, to employ a ring of the form shown wherein the body 6 is rectangular in cross section and is provided with a 'series of slots or openings extending from-the inner to the outer face, said slots being wider at the outer than at the inner face. of the ring, as best seen in Figure 2.

The outer cylinder contacting face of the ring will also be provided with two grooves 8 and 9 located one to each side of the slots and extending entirely around the ring. The edges of these grooves, it may be state serve to scrape the oil from the cylinder surface 10, and likewise tend to distribute suflicient oil over the cylinder face to insure proper lubrication.

Ring 6, which is seated in a. formed of any suitable material and normally expands so as to contact the cylinder wall. To centralize the ring with reference to the iston, and" hence with reference to the cyllnder, I employ an inner expander element 12, which, for the purpose of brevity, I term an expander ring. Said member is produced groove I 11, is

from a strip or ribbon of spring metal and is I preferably bent to the contour (in plan) shown in Figures 2, 4 and 5.

As will be seen upon reference to said views, the ring is formed with a series of Ion flat or straight sections 13 and a series of s ort flat sections 14. The longer flat sections 13 may be of any desired length but the length of the short sections 14 will be such as to be shorter than the radius X of the curved sections 15 which interconnect the various long and short sections. Thus if a short section 14' is say one quarter inch in length the radius X should exceed that but of course be less than the radius of the ring.

By thus contouring the expander ring it will assume the position shown in Figure 2 with reference to the inner face of ring 6 and the rear or inner face of the groove 11 pro viding suflicient'zones of contact between the elements to insure the exertion of an outward and equal expansive forceagainst the oil ring 6.

As will 'ure2 the short flat sections 14 of the expander ring contact the inner face of'ring 6 and the'slots 7 are not closed ofl at their inner ends to any appreciable extent, thus permitting ample drainage through the slots or openings-in the ring element 6,-'through be apparent upon reference to Figthe e de iring 12 and consequently througfi'thepiston ports. a. 7 Furthermore, it is to be noted that the expander ring presents no sharp bends or an? f 3 gles in its make-up. This is of advantage in that no'incipient line of fracture is presented or produced and further there will be.

little or no appreciable wear between the two rings.

mlduced in the expander ring, it will not only cause excessive unit pressure between the ex ander ring and the piston ring at these nds OPPOIIIlIS 'of contact, but will also wear and cut into the outer ring thereby weakening it. More frequently, however, the'ex pander will itself break at these sharp corners or bends.- I Ring 12 has formed therein aplurality ofopenings 16, shown in Figures 1, 3, 5 and 6 as being round. Preferably but a single opening will be produced in the short sectlons 14 in order to not unduly weaken the same and in 'fact the openings inthe short sections mag as ting down t device.

The form of the expander ring is immaterial and they ma for instance, be elongated as shown at 1 be omitted without unduly cute efficiency of the drainage of. the

Fi -um 7. n

'ihe inner wall of groove 11or that portion ofthe piston which lies inward of the groove-is ported for. the

uch porting may be effected as by an elonas gated slot'18 as shown in Figuresl and 3 and at the left hand portion in Figure 2, or

a series of openings 19 as illustrated at e right in Figure 2. In either case passage for the inward drainage of oil removed from the cylinder by the ring 6 is afl'orded.

It is thought that the operation of the Structure will be appreciated by those skilled r in the art but a brz-efrsum W111 be given.

Invariably after piston rings have been in service for some time theedges of the rin s become. rounded due to wear, and when 1n certain instances the pistons and "i-ings fit comparatively loosely in the cylinder, the outer or cylinder contacting faces of thering's wear most pronouncedly convex. When such a condition arises it is obvious that only the center line of. any particular rin is in contlinuous contact with the walls of the cyliner. 1

Now, assuming that the pistonis moving downwardly, in Figures 1 and 3, then the ring 6 will tend to 1 the face of the.cylinder, and its action will be'somewhat as follows: A certain amount of will be scraped from the walls of the cyl inder by the lower edge of'the ring 6 and an additional amount of oil will be removed from the cylinder face b the upper edge of groove 9, and that which seeps past these two pjn edges ust referred to will be caught Where a sharp angle or bend is pro-- oil ring 6 tends to force wardly and evenly about the entire len speeds, and furthermore,

openings through the most marked degree.

from the walls of the assage of oil.

"metal ofuniform width bent to scrape the excess oil from 4. In combination e up r edge of the The o1 thus collected will pass through the openings 7 in the piston ring, thence through the o enings 16 in the inner expander ring, andt ence through the slot 19, inthe piston to the interior thereof. On a reversemovement of the piston, of course, the upper ed e of ring 6, the lower edge of groove 8, an the lower edge of the slots or openings '2' will act as the scraping edges, tending to remove the'oil from the face of the cylinder.

he expander ring 12, by reason of the fact that it has bearing points equally spaced about the piston and the inner face of the .said oil ring out-. gth of the ring 6. Thus the ring 6 is held in close contact with the walls of the cylinder at all points, and with sufficient tension to scrape oil from the walls of the cylinder at all ist'on is centralized (i the tendency torock side is lessened to a Of course, full and suflicient drainage of the oil which is scraped cylinder by the slots or openings 7, in the piston ring 6, is provided pander ring 12, the within the cylinder an or move from side to 18, or openings by virtue of the ex- I by means of the openings 16 1n the expander ring and'the ports 18 What is claimed is: v 1., As a new article of manufacture an expander ring formed of thin sheet metal, said ring in outline having a series of flat faces,'a second series of flat faces intermediate the first, said second series being relatively short or 19 in the piston.

as compared to the first or longer ones, and V said long and short faces being connected by curved sections the radii ofwhich are greater than the length of the short flat sections.

As a new article of manufacture an expander ring formed of thin sheet metal, said ring in outline having a series of flat faces. a second series of flat faces intermediate the first, said second series being relatively short as compared to the first or longer ones,'and

said long and short faces being connected by curved sections the radii of which are greater than the length of the short flat sections, said longer sections atleast being provided with perforations extending therethrough.

3. As a new article of manufacture a piston ring expander formed from a strip of spring embodying a plurality of interconnected flatsides-connected by curved portions whose radn are of greater length than the length of the shortest of the flat sides, there being a plurality of openings extending through at least one of the flatsides and intermediate the edges thereof. a

with a-piston having a ported ring-receiving groove; a ported cylform. and

' 5 tions whose radii are of greater length than inder contacting ring seated in the and an ex ander rin mounted wi the groove to t e rear of t e c linder contactin ring, said expander'ring aving a series 0 alternate short and long sections connected by curved sections, the short sections bearing against the inner face of the cylinder cona strip of spring metal bent to form and pretacting ring and being of less length than the radii of the curved sections and the long sections at least being ported.

5. A piston rmg expander produced from senting a series of alternate ring and piston contacting portions connected by curved porthe length of the ringcontacting portions, the pis on contacting portions containing axplurality of openings intermediate of an from the edges of the strip. i

v '6. In combination with a piston having a ported ring receiving groove; a ported cyl-' inder contacting ring seated in said groove; and an expander ring located within the groove to the rear of the cylinder contacting ring, said expander ring comprising a single piece of flat ribbon-like spring metal having parallel edges and bent to produce a series of interconnected long and short sides connected by curved portions whose radiiare of less length than the length of the long" sides, the long sides at least having at least one opening extending therethrough intermediate the edges thereof and afiording communication between at least one of the openings 'in the cylinder contacting the ring receiving groove.

7. As a new article of manufacture a resilient piston ring expander having a series of fiat faces connected by intermediate curved portions, the radii of the curved portions being' of greater length than the length of the shortest flat face, there being at least one opening extending through the expander in at least one of the flat faces intermediate the curved portions and intermediate the edges, said edges standing in parallel relation.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 16th day of February, 1931.

. ALLEN W.- MORTON.

spaced ring and a "port in CERTIFICATE or connection.

Missile Patent No. 18,248. Granted November 10, 1931, m 7' ALLEN W."M0RT0N.

.It is hereby certified that the name of the assi gnee in the above numbered patent should have'been written and printed as "The American Hammered Piston Ring Company" instead of American Hammered Piston Ring Company, as shown by the records of assignments in this office; and that the said Letters Patent shouldbe read with this 'correction therein thatthe same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office. t

.Signed and sealed this 16th day of February, A; D. 1932. h

Moore,

I (Seal) I 'Aeting Commissioner 013mm;- 

